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July-December 2010 Volume 1 | Issue 2
Page Nos. 73-130
Online since Wednesday, November 10, 2010
Accessed 139,771 times.
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EDITORIAL |
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The national essential medicines list of India: Time to revise and purge the mistakes |
p. 73 |
B Gitanjali DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72346 PMID:21350612 |
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COMMENTARY |
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A critical look at the national essential medicines list of India 2003 |
p. 75 |
S Manikandan DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72347 PMID:21350613 |
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RESEARCH PAPERS |
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Role of cinnarizine and nifedipine on anticonvulsant effect of sodium valproate and carbamazepine in maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazole model of seizures in mice |
p. 78 |
Ranjana I Brahmane, Vikrant V Wanmali, Swanand S Pathak, Kartik J Salwe DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72348 PMID:21350614Objective: To study the effect of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) cinnarizine and nifedipine on maximal electroshock (MES)-induced and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions and also their effect in combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs (CAED). Materials and Methods: For this study, Swiss albino mice were used. Effects of cinnarizine (30 mg/kg), nifedipine (5 mg/kg), sodium valproate (300 mg/kg) and carbamazepine (8 mg/kg) alone and in combination were studied in MES and PTZ seizure models. Abolition of hind limb tonic extension was an index of anticonvulsant activity in MES, while for PTZ seizures, failure to observe even a single episode of tonic spasm for 5 s duration for 1 h was the index. With this, percentage protection was calculated and statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher's exact test (Ovvind Langsrud software, German version). Results: In MES seizures, augmented effects were obtained when cinnarizine was combined with sodium valproate, i.e. 100%. In PTZ-induced seizures, augmented effects were obtained when nifedipine was combined with sodium valproate, i.e. 100%. Thus, cinnarizine added to sodium valproate therapy produces significant protection against MES seizures while nifedipine added to sodium valproate therapy produces significant protection against PTZ seizures. Conclusion: The results provide a lead for potential benefit of adding CCBs to sodium valproate in the treatment of epilepsy, which needs to be explored further. |
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Efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of insulin sensitizers as add-on therapy in metabolic syndrome in patients with secondary sulfonylurea failure: A comparative study |
p. 82 |
Rajiv Mahajan, Anita Gupta, Rajinder Singh Gupta, Kapil Gupta DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72349 PMID:21350615Objectives: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is ~25% and it is currently becoming prevalent in children also. India is estimated to have the maximum number of patients of MS in the world. As insulin resistance is an integral part of MS and the rate of secondary sulfonylurea failure (SSUF) is also high, the present study was planned to evaluate the effects of insulin sensitizers as add-on therapy in MS with SSUF. Materials and Methods: An open-label, prospective, randomized study was conducted on 200 patients of MS with SSUF, included according to ATP III criteria, after dividing them into two groups. Group I patients were given pioglitazone 30 mg/day while group II patients were given metformin 1,000 mg/day as add-on therapy to the sulfonylurea already prescribed. Results: Fall in fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and serum triglycerides was higher with metformin, but rise in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was higher with pioglitazone. Only metformin caused a significant reduction in body mass index. Significant reduction in waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure was not seen with any therapy. Incremental cost-effective ratio was almost six-times higher with pioglitazone. Conclusion: Among insulin sensitizers, metformin has more favorable, persistent and multifacet effects in MS with SSUF. Studies of longer duration are required for calculating reduction in the mortality and morbidity. |
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METHODS |
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Blood sample collection in small laboratory animals  |
p. 87 |
S Parasuraman, R Raveendran, R Kesavan DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72350 PMID:21350616 |
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SPECIAL ARTICLES |
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Improving bioscience research reporting: The ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research |
p. 94 |
Carol Kilkenny, William J Browne, Innes C Cuthill, Michael Emerson, Douglas G Altman DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72351 PMID:21350617 |
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CONSORT 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials |
p. 100 |
Kenneth F Schulz, Douglas G Altman, David Moher DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72352 PMID:21350618 |
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REPORTS |
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Mahatma Gandhi-Doerenkamp Center for Alternatives to Use of Animals in Life Science Education |
p. 108 |
Mohammad Abdulkader Akbarsha, Shiranee Pereira DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72353 PMID:21350619 |
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Late Professor P N Saxena: A teacher of excellence |
p. 111 |
Syed Ziaur Rahman, Rahat Ali Khan DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72355 PMID:21350620 |
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RESEARCH LETTERS |
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Aspartame: Sweetener with anti-inflammatory potential? |
p. 113 |
Sapna Pradhan, UH Shah, AG Mathur, S Sharma DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72357 PMID:21350621 |
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Intern doctors' feedback on teaching methodologies in pharmacology |
p. 114 |
Jaykaran , Nilesh Chavda, Preeti Yadav, ND Kantharia DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72359 PMID:21350622 |
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Comparison of anti-inflammatory activity of serratiopeptidase and diclofenac in albino rats |
p. 116 |
Shilpa P Jadav, Nilesh H Patel, Tarang G Shah, Maganlal V Gajera, Hiren R Trivedi, Bharat K Shah DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72362 PMID:21350623 |
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CORRESPONDENCE |
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Uncovering negative results: Introducing an open access journal "Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results" |
p. 118 |
Vipra Kundoor, KK Mueen Ahmed DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72364 PMID:21350624 |
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Valethamate bromide: Conflicting evidence and continuing use |
p. 120 |
Arun Babu Thirunavukkarasu, Vijayan Sharmila DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72365 PMID:21350626 |
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Author's reply |
p. 120 |
B Gitanjali PMID:21350625 |
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MOLECULES OF THE MILLENNIUM |
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Agomelatine: A novel melatonergic antidepressant |
p. 122 |
S Manikandan DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72369 PMID:21350627 |
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WEB-WISE |
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Committee on publication ethics |
p. 124 |
Jatinder Singh DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72371 PMID:21350628 |
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POSTGRADUATE CORNER |
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Data transformation |
p. 126 |
S Manikandan DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.72373 PMID:21350629 |
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NEWS AND VIEWS |
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Microneedles for painless immunization |
p. 128 |
G Sivagnanam |
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