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July-September 2016 Volume 7 | Issue 3
Page Nos. 115-153
Online since Thursday, September 1, 2016
Accessed 15,769 times.
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EDITORIAL |
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The three Rs of written assessment: The JIPMER experience |
p. 115 |
S Manikandan, B Gitanjali DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189650 PMID:27651706 |
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COMMENTARY |
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What failed BIA 10-2474 Phase I clinical trial? Global speculations and recommendations for future Phase I trials  |
p. 120 |
Rimplejeet Kaur, Preeti Sidhu, Surjit Singh DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189661 PMID:27651707 |
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REVIEW ARTICLES |
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Phenytoin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis: Review and recommendations |
p. 127 |
Osama M Al-Quteimat DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189662 PMID:27651708Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a serious, life-threatening skin reaction characterized by severe exfoliation and destruction of the epidermis of the skin. In most TEN cases, drugs are believed to be the causative agent; antipsychotics, antiepileptics, and other medications such as sulfonamides are among the most common causes of drug-induced TEN. Phenytoin, a commonly prescribed medication for seizure, was found to cause TEN. Evidence-based treatment guidelines are lacking, so the best strategy is to identify and avoid potential risk factors and to provide intensive supportive care. The aim of this literature review is to focus on phenytoin-induced TEN, to explore the risk factors, and to highlight the possible treatment options once phenytoin-induced TEN is confirmed. |
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MINI REVIEW |
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Deprescription: The prescription metabolism |
p. 133 |
Gurusamy Sivagnanam DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189680 PMID:27651709Deprescribing is a structured approach to drug discontinuation. An alternative suggested term is "prescription metabolism." The major aim of deprescription is to purge the drug(s) considered unwanted in a given patient, especially in the elderly patients with multiple comorbidities or in those suffering from chronic disease. Like drug metabolism, prescription metabolism is a way of eliminating unwanted, troublesome, or cost-ineffective medications. The removal of such drugs has been found to decrease the incidence of adverse drug reactions and improves the rate of medication adherence, thereby reducing the economic burden on the patient as well as on the health care providers. Certain categories of drugs are to be tapered rather than abruptly stopped. Despite the availability of many tools to minimize drug therapy-related problems, there is little guidance for the process of deprescribing in general clinical practice. Various methods to reduce the risks of polypharmacy include patient education, physician education, and regulatory intervention. The suggested S and S approach (seek and screen, save and severe, sensitize and supervise) may be tried for deprescribing in general practice. More research on deprescribing is the need of the hour in almost all branches of clinical medicine which may pave the way for the betterment of health care. |
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RESEARCH LETTERS |
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Cold sodium chloride solution 0.9% and infrared thermography can be an alternative to radiopaque contrast agents in phlebography |
p. 138 |
Aleksandr Livievich Urakov, Anton Aleksandrovic Kasatkin, Natalia Aleksandrovna Urakova, Tatiana Viktorovna Urakova DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189675 PMID:27651710 |
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Cisplatin resistance reversal by disulfiram and caffeine |
p. 139 |
Ashish R Kadia, Gaurang B Shah DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189676 PMID:27651711 |
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CASE REPORTS |
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Oxcarbazepine-induced drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome presenting as exfoliative dermatitis |
p. 142 |
Mahimanjan Saha, Surajit Gorai, Vaswatee Madhab DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189681 PMID:27651712Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a type of severe adverse cutaneous drug reaction characterized by fever, skin eruption, hematological abnormalities, and internal organ involvement. Although anticonvulsant drugs are mainly implicated in DRESS, newer anticonvulsants such as oxcarbazepine-induced definite cases of DRESS syndrome are rare and oxcarbazepine-induced DRESS syndrome presenting as exfoliative dermatitis is even rarer. We report a case of a 35-year-old male who developed DRESS syndrome presenting as exfoliative dermatitis after taking oxcarbazepine for 3 weeks. |
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Cyclophosphamide and epirubicin-induced diabetes mellitus in breast cancer: A rare occurrence |
p. 146 |
Pramod Kumar Sharma, Arup Kumar Misra, Vikram Singh, Ajay Gupta, Shrishti Saroha, Surjit Singh DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189684 PMID:27651713Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women. Epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC) is one of the chemotherapeutic regimens used for the treatment of breast cancer. We describe a case treated with EC regimen and who presented to us with symptoms suggestive of diabetes mellitus postchemotherapy. Absence of family history of diabetes and normal blood sugar level, prechemotherapy points toward drug-induced hyperglycemia. These chemotherapeutic agents capable of altering immune response and might act synergistically to cause immunological damage to the islets of pancreas which might precipitate diabetes mellitus. Causality analysis on Naranjo's scale indicates a possible association with regimen. |
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Clofazimine-induced premaculopathy in a vitiliginous patient |
p. 149 |
Nirupama Kasturi, Renuka Srinivasan DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189685 PMID:27651714A 26-year-old male vitiliginous patient presented with decreased visual acuity because of a central scotoma in the left eye with no significant retinal changes on fundus examination. In this case report, a diagnosis of possible drug-induced premaculopathy was made, and the drugs were withdrawn. On the follow-up, after 3 months, the visual acuity in the left eye gradually improved. Early suspicion of drug-induced maculopathy and withdrawal of the drug may prevent the progression of maculopathy. |
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CORRESPONDENCES |
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Randomized controlled comparison of agomelatine and escitalopram: Concerns about study design and methods |
p. 152 |
Sutanaya Pal, Ekta Franscina Pinto, Nitin B Raut, Girish Banwari, Chittaranjan Andrade DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189688 PMID:27651715 |
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Effect of losartan and atenolol on insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic hypertensive patients |
p. 153 |
KB Rakesh, Sheetal D Ullal, B Sunil Pai DOI:10.4103/0976-500X.189691 PMID:27651716 |
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